What is hyperpigmentation? It is a skin discoloration that occurs due to excess production of melanin by cells called melanocytes. Skin pigmentation disorders such as hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation are caused due to unhealthy or damaged melanocytes.

It can occur on any part of the body and is attributed to a number of internal and external factors. Skin pigmentation disorders usually affect certain areas of the body, but in certain instances they may affect the entire body. Hyperpigmentation can be reduced by following some simple home remedies like application of a turmeric and milk paste or lemon juice on the skin.

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Skin Pigmentation Disorders and its Types

There are various types of skin pigmentation disorders, and each type varies depending on its cause. The two most common types of skin pigmentation disorders are hypopigmentation and hyperpigmentation. Hyperpigmentation is the darkening of skin due to extra melanin produced by the melanocytes in the body. On the other hand, hypopigmentation is the lightening of the skin when melanin is less in the body, or tyrosine, which is required my melanocytes to make melanin, is absent. Other types of disorders include albinism, melasma, pigment loss due to skin damage, and vitiligo. Skin discoloration can be due to burns, infections, autoimmune diseases, allergies, hormonal changes, birthmarks, or even cancer. Some discolorations are harmless and require a simple treatment, while others require a more long-term and rigorous treatment.

Treatment for Hyperpigmentation

A skin pigmentation disorder such as hyperpigmentation can be treated in a number of ways. Various home remedies can be undertaken to lighten the skin and to make it match the natural skin color. These remedies include:-

1. Application of a paste of milk and honey/ almonds and milk on the skin
2. Juices of various vegetables such as cucumber, potato, tomato
3. Paste of sandalwood powder, turmeric, and milk
4. Aloe vera gel or olive oil rubbed onto the affected area
5. Paste of mint leaves and cold milk
6. Paste of powdered dry orange peel, raw cold milk, and honey

Various causes of Skin Discoloration

Skin discoloration can be caused either due to internal factors or external factors. Internal factors may include pregnancy, hormonal imbalance, age, birthmarks, and heredity. These factors affect the pigmentation of the skin to case variations in the color of the skin. Some external factors for this discoloration are oral contraceptives, injuries, rash, burns, skin treatments, acne vulgaris, emotional stress, or reaction to UV rays, drugs, and chemicals. Extra melanin secretion is also known to occur as a reaction to some diseases such as porphyria, Grave’s disease, Nelson’s syndrome, mercury poisoning, Addison’s disease, Cushing’s disease, and many more. Hyperpigmentation is usually harmless, but does pose some cosmetic issues of discoloring parts of the face making it look unpleasant.

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 Conclusion

Hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation are skin pigmentation disorders that are caused due to melanocytes’ improper functioning. Hyperpigmentation can be reduced by following some home remedies like applying olive oil or a paste of almonds and milk on the skin.

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